From the
Apple Wikipedia page:
Apple was established on April 1, 1976 by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne,[1] to sell the Apple I personal computer kit. They were hand-built by Wozniak[16][17] and first shown to the public at the Homebrew Computer Club.[18] The Apple I was sold as a motherboard (with CPU, RAM, and basic textual-video chips)—less than what is today considered a complete personal computer.[19] The Apple I went on sale in July 1976 and was market-priced at $666.66 ($2,572 in 2011 dollars, adjusted for inflation.)[20][21][22][23][24][25]
Apple was incorporated January 3, 1977[7] without Wayne, who sold his share of the company back to Jobs and Wozniak for $800. Multi-millionaire Mike Markkula provided essential business expertise and funding of $250,000 during the incorporation of Apple.[26][27]
Without Steve Wozniak who invented their first computer, Apple Inc. wouldn't even have existed.
Steve Jobs was the sales guy.
Apple computers were overpriced for their time and they were like lead on their shelves. I still remember it being a luxury brand of computers (and expensive like Rolls Royces) until the late 1990ies, when they finally lowered the prices.
Apple didn't get bankrupt only b/c Microsoft's then-CEO Bill Gates heavily invested in it (to have a competitor).
If you read the books
iWoz and
On the Edge (
new ed.), you'll see that the history of Apple is quite different than what is often told by the media. Apple got their 6502 chips for their Apple I and II computers (and peripherals) from
MOS Technology which was owned by their largest competitor,
Commodore. An advantage of the Apple II was that it could be expanded by plug-in cards (which became the success concept of the IBM PC and compatibles later on, which we still use today). This concept was well-known in the
mainframe and
minicomputer industries.
Graphics designers and journalists have been staple customers of Apple since the 1980ies, when the
Mac and then-emerging
DTP (esp. the
Quark Express suite) made it an affordable solution for publishing. Ever since, Apple had a good press, a better press than any other company. That's why Apple became so successful, b/c it had journalists that liked its technology, not b/c the technology was good.
In fact, only
MacOS X helped Apple to get up to par with modern computers. Before that, MacOS didn't even have proper multitasking. That's where Steve Jobs came in: He brought his knowledge from
NeXT back into the company (another brand of unsuccessful overpriced computers).
Apple Inc. then proceeded to ditch
Motorola (now Freescale; 680x0 and PowerPC series) and IBM processors (PowerPC series) in favor of the mainstream Intel CPU architecture (found in every PC), and began manufacturing in China (at
Foxconn and
Inventec, which were often criticized for their labor conditions), which enabled Apple to sell still overpriced gear, but at a huge profit margin, which made the shareholder value soar and made Apple look like a successful company.
So, the people behind Apple's success are mainly Steve Wozniak (for inventing the Apple I), Bill Gates (for investing in Apple Inc. when it was about to go bankrupt) and Foxconn/Inventec (for manufacturing Apple gear for shice then sell it with huge profit margin in the West), and finally the journalists (for worshipping Apple).
Sure, Steve Jobs made a huge contribution as an entrepreneur, despite being unsuccessful for many years (before being successful with
Pixar ), but a lot of other factors were responsible for the success of Apple.